【故事复现】自娱自乐的游戏
• Step 1: Listen and answer the question.
第一步：听Freya慢速朗读的故事，回答下列问题。
Question: Why did Rex run away?
问题：为什么雷克斯跑了？
• 词汇准备
• bark 狗叫
• press 按，压
• paw 脚爪
• latch 门闩
• expert 专家
• develop 养成
• habit 习惯
• remove 拆掉，取下
• Step 2: Intensive reading.
第二步：故事精读。
Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and bark.
我家的狗雷克斯以前常坐在大门外面叫。
Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened
the gate.
每当它想到花园里来时，便汪汪叫个不停，直到有人把门打开。
As the neighbours complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to
press his paw on the latch to let himself in.
由于邻居们对狗叫很有意见，所以我丈夫花了几个星期的时间训练它用脚爪按
住门闩把自己放进来。
Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate. However, when I was going out
shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate.
雷克斯很快成了开门的专家。然而上星期我正要出去买东西时，发现它正呆在
花园里边靠门的地方。
This time he was barking so that someone would let him out! Since then, he has
developed another bad habit.
这次它叫着让人把它放出去!从那以后，它养成了另外一种坏习惯。
As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits
until the gate shuts.
它从外面把门一打开，就走进花园，等着门自动关上。
Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out.
这之后他就坐下汪汪叫起来，直到有人来把它放出去。
After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again.
出去之后，它又马上把自己放进来，接着再开始叫。
Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen
him since.
昨天，我丈夫把门卸了下来，雷克斯很生气，此后我们便再也没有见到它。
• Step 3: Listen again and answer the questions.
第三步：再听一遍，回答下列问题。
1 Why did our dog, Rex, use to sit outside the front gate and bark? (so that)
2 Did my husband train him to open the gate himself or not? Has Rex developed
another bad habit or not? (Ever since)
3 Why does he bark when he is in the garden? (so that)
4 Does he let himself in after this or not? Does he bark until someone opens the
gate again or not? (and)
5 Has my husband removed the gate or not? Has Rex disappeared or not? (Now that)
Answer: Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside the front gate and bark so that
someone would open it. Ever since my husband trained him to open the gate
himself, Rex has developed another bad habit. He barks when he is in the
garden so that someone will let him out. After this he lets himself in and barks
until someone opens the gate again. Now that my husband has removed the
gate, Rex has disappeared.
• Exercise: Sentence structure and vocabulary.
课外练习：句型及词汇训练。
1 The writer's' husband trained Rex to open the gate because_________.
(a)Rex couldn't get in
(b)Rex needed help
(c)Rex enjoyed opening the gate
(d)Rex barked a lot and disturbed the neighbours
2 One of these statements is true. Which one?
(a)Rex only learnt to open the gate from the inside.
(b)Rex only learnt to open the gate from the outside.
(c)Rex never learnt to open the gate.
(d) Rex doesn't like opening the gate.
3 He would bark until someone opened the gate. That's what he________.
(a) is used to doing
(b)used
(c)is used to
(d)used to do
4 The neighbours complained _______ the noise.
(a)for
(b)to
(c)concerning
(d)about
5 The writer went ________last week.
(a)for shopping
(b)for shop
(c)to shopping
(d)shopping
6 He was barking _________let him in.
(a) for someone to
(b) in case someone
(c)so someone to
(d)so that someone
7 As soon as he _________the gate from the outside he comes into the garden.
(a)will open
(b)opens
(c)is opening
(d) has been opening
8 My husband spent weeks _________ him to press his paw on the latch.
(a)teaching
(b)guiding
(c) leading
(d) conducting
9 Rex became an expert. He was very
(a)crafty
(b)sly
(c)cunning
(d) skilful
10 I _________ him in the garden.
(a)observed
(b)looked
(c)remarked
(d)took care of
11 He has developed another bad ________.
(a)habit
(b)custom
(c)use
(d) usefulness
12 My husband removed the gate. He _________.
(a)took it in
(b)took it away
(c)took it on
(d)took it up
Key: 1d 2b 3d 4d 5d 6a 7b 8a 9d 10a 11a 12b
第四十七单元【语法点拨】关系代词的选择（下）
▪ whose的用法：
(1) whose为关系限定词，在定语从句中作定语，指人时，相当于 of whom，用
来替代物主代词my, your, his, her等等，引导限制性定语从句或非限制性定语从
句。
• He is the man whose car was stolen.他就是汽车被盗的那个人。
• Evans is a rare dancer, whose moves are so elegant.
埃文斯是杰出的舞蹈家，她的动作非常优美。
(2)whose也可以代替形容词性的物主代词its
• This is the house whose windows were broken.这就是窗户被打碎了的房
子。
(3)“介词+ whose+名词”可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语
从句
• In 1990 she caught a serious illness from whose effects she still suffers.
1990年她患了一场重病，她现在仍然受到病的影响。
• This is Mr. Smith, in whose factory we work.
这是史密斯先生，我们在他的工厂工作。
▪ who与whoever的用法比较:
在现代英语中，已不把who用作 the one who，而把 whoever当作the person who
或anyone who。
I will give this book to _______ wants to have it.
A. someone
B. anyone
C. who
D. whoever
将someone, anyone和who代入句中都不正确，因为这三个词都不能起到既作先
行词又作关系代词的双重作用，而 whoever等于anyone who，起到先行词兼作关
系代词的作用，因此正确答案应为D。
▪ 在非限制性定语从句中，as和which的用法比较:
(1)相同点:
①在“主语+系动词+表语”和“主语+动词”的结构中，两者均可作主语，并
可交换使用，位于主句之后。
• He is a serious writer, as/which can be seen from what he has written and
said.他是一位严肃的作家，这可以从他写的作品和言论中看得出来。(as,
which在从句中作主语。)
• He had a quarrel with his girlfriend yesterday, as/which often occurred
between them.他昨天和女友吵架了，他们之间常发生这种事。(as, which
在句中作主语。)
②在“主语+动词+宾语”结构中作宾语，位于主句之后。
• She is a southerner, as/which you can hear from her accent.她是南方人，这
你可以从她的口音中听得出来。(as, which在句中作宾语)
(2)不同点:
○1 as不能在“主语+动词+宾语”结构中作主语
• 误: He admires Mrs. Taylor, as surprises me.
他钦佩泰勒夫人，这使我感到惊奇。
• 正: He admires Mrs. Taylor, which surprises me.
这是因为as仍保留“正如”“像……”等含义，如在“主语+动词+宾语”结构
中作主语,就会在意义上和主句相悖。
○2 如前所述，as引导从句在句中的位置很灵活，而which引导的从句只能位于
句末。此外，as作主语时，从句必须为被动结构。
• 误: Which is known to us all, water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
众所周知，水是由氢和氧组成的。
• 正: As is known to us all, water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
○3 which可作为关系限定词，指代主句中的某一单词、短语或整个主句，其后
要紧接一个它所修饰的能对先行词的内容起概括作用的名词，as无此用法
• In1999 she left Shanghai, in which city (= where) she had lived for20 years.
1999年她离开了上海，她在这个城市生活了20年。
注：句中“in which city”这种用法不及关系副词where普通。
▶ 定语从句和同位语从句的区别
▪ 如前所述，同位语从句的先行词只能是抽象名词，而定语从句的先行词可
以是抽象名词，也可以是表示具体事物的名词或其他词，甚至整个句子。
定语从句对先行词进行修饰和限制，同位语从句则对先行词进行解释或补
充说明，指明先行词的具体内容。
• There is a truth in the old saying that necessity is the mother of invention.
“需要是发明之母”这一谚语是有道理的。(同位语从句)
• An order came from the headquarters that our troops would launch a massive
attack against the enemy at dawn.
总部来了一道命令说，拂晓时我军向敌人发起大规模进攻。(同位语从
句)
有时出于句子平衡的考虑，将同位语从句与先行词分开，如上句。
▪ 引导定语从句的that在从句中充当句子的某一成分，而引导同位语从句的
that在句中不担任任何成分，仅起连接作用。这是区别定语从句和同位语
从句的最重要一点。
• The news that had quickly spread through the town proved to be true.
那条迅速传遍整个小城的消息结果是真的。(定语从句，that在句中作主
语。)
• The news that our team had won the match proved to be true.
我队在比赛中获胜的消息结果是真的。
(同位语从句，that在句中不担任成分，仅起连接作用。)
第四十八单元