【故事复现】一个著名的大钟
• Step 1: Listen and answer the question.
第一步：听Freya慢速朗读的故事，回答下列问题。
Question: Has Big Ben ever gone wrong?
问题：大本钟坏过吗？
Answer: Yes. Once.
• 词汇准备
• parliament 议会，国会
• erect 建起
• accurate 准确的
• official 官员，行政人员
• Greenwich 格林尼治
• observatory 天文台
• check 检查
• microphone 扩音器，麦克风
• tower 塔
• Step 2: Intensive reading.
第二步：故事精读。
When you visit London, one of the first things you will see is Big Ben, the famous
clock which can be heard all over the world on the B.B.C.
当你游览伦敦时，首先看到的东西之一就是大本钟，即那座全世界都可以从英
国广播公司的广播中听到它的声音的著名大钟。
If the Houses of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834, the great clock would
never have been erected.
如果不是国会大厦在1834年被焚毁的话，这座大钟永远也不会建造。
Big Ben takes its name from Sir Benjamin Hall who was responsible for the making
of the clock when the new Houses of Parliament were being built.
“大本”钟得名于本杰明·霍尔爵士，因为当建造新的国会大厦时，他负责建造
大钟。
It is not only of immense size, but is extremely accurate as well.
此钟不仅外型巨大，而且走时也非常准确。
Officials from Greenwich Observatory have the clock checked twice a day.
格林尼治天文台的官员们每天两次派人矫正此钟。
On the B.B.C. you can hear the clock when it is actually striking because
microphones are connected to the clock tower.
当大钟打点的时候，你可以从英国广播公司的广播中听到，因为钟塔上接了麦
克风。
Big Ben has rarely gone wrong. Once, however, it failed to give the correct time.
“大本”钟很少出差错。然而有一次，它却把时间报错。
A painter who had been working on the tower hung a pot of paint on one of the hands
and slowed it down!
在钟塔上干活的一位油漆工把一只油漆桶挂在了一根指针上，把钟调慢了!
• Step 3: Listen again and answer the questions.
第三步：再听一遍，回答下列问题。
1 When were the Houses of Parliament burnt down? Who was made responsible for
the construction of a huge clock? Did it become known as Big Ben or not? (After ...
which ...)
2 Why is it very accurate despite its immense size? (for)
3 Has this clock often gone wrong, or has it rarely gone wrong? Why can it be
heard on the B.B.C. when it is striking? (This clock, which ... because...)
Answer: After the Houses of Parliament were burnt down in 1834, Sir
Benjamin Hall was made responsible for the construction of a huge clock,
which became known as Big Ben. It is very accurate despite of its immense size,
for officials from the Greenwich Observatory have the clock checked twice a
day. This clock, which has rarely gone wrong, can be heard on the BBC when
it is striking, because microphones are connected to the clock tower.
• Exercise: Sentence structure and vocabulary.
课外练习：句型及词汇训练。
1 Big Ben was built _________.
(a) for the B.B.C
(b)after fire
(c)in honour of Sir Benjamin Hall
(d) long before 1834
2 Accuracy is maintained __________.
(a)by microphones in the clock tower
(b)by workmen
(c)because the clock is at Greenwich Observatory
(d) by officials who check the clock frequently
3 Big Ben is one of the first sights you will see when you_______ London.
(a)will visit
(b)visit
(c)have visited
(d) will be visiting
4 Big Ben is the ________clock in London.
(a)famousest
(b)most famous
(c)more famous
(d)famouser
5 it is ________very big and very accurate.
(a)and
(b)also
(c)both
(d)together
6 How often_______ checked?
(a) have they it
(b)they have it
(c)do they have it
(d)they do have it
7 A painter _______working on the tower hung pot of paint on one of the hands.
(a)who
(b)had been
(c)had
(d)-
8 The clock was erected after 1834. That's when it was put _______.
(a) in
(b)up
(c)off
(d)down
9 Sir Benjamin Hall was responsible. It was his ________to see to it.
(a) responsible
(b)duty
(c)charge
(d)control
10 It is of immense size. It is ________.
(a)great
(b) large
(c) huge
(d)big
11 You can hear it when it is actually striking. You can hear it _______it is striking.
(a)the hour
(b)the moment
(c)really
(d)indeed
12 The clock slowed down. It __________.
(a)was slow
(b)was behind
(c)went back
(d)went slowly
Key: 1b 2d 3b 4b 5c 6c 7d 8b 9b 10c 11b 12a
第五十五单元【语法点拨】
there be句型（上）
There be句型又称为“存在句”。引导存在句的there是一种功能词。它本身没有意
义，在句中只起形式主语的作用。存在句的谓语动词多为be，后面的名词(短语)
或代词是句子的主语。也有人说, there be句型是一种倒装结构，其真正主语位
于there be之后。
▶ there be句型的构成形式
▪there be句型的肯定式: there be+主语+状语。
(1)谓语动词be要与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
• There is no life on the moon.
月球上没有生命。(主语life是单数，谓语动词用is)
• There are books here, there and everywhere.
到处都是书。(主语books是复数，谓语动词用are。)
(2)存在句中谓语动词be的单复数形式应与there be之后的真正主语一致，并且要
根据就近一致原则来变换be的单复数形式。
• There is a pen and two books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。
• There are two books and pen on the desk.课桌上有两本书和一支钢笔
• There are some students and a teacher in the classroom.
在教室里有一些学生和一位老师。
• There is a teacher and some students in the classroom.
在教室里有一位老师和一些学生。
▪there be句型的否定式:
There be句型否定式的构成和含有be动词的其他句型一样，在be后加上not，也
可用no来表示,即:no + n.(名词)= not a/an/any +n.(名词)。注意:no+ n.(可数名词单
数)=not a/an+ n.(可数名词单数); no+ n.(可数名词复数)=not any+ n.(可数名词复
数);no+ n.(不可数名词)= not any+ n.(不可数名词)。
• There is no answer yet.目前还没有答案。
• There is no such man in our neighborhood.我们的邻近没有这样的人。
• There are no clouds in the sky.天上一点云彩也没有。
• There isn’t an orange in her bag.她包里没有橘子了。
• There is not any orange in her bag. (译文同上)
• There is no orange in her bag. (译文同上)
• There aren’t any oranges in her bag. (译文同上)
• There are no oranges in her bag. (译文同上)
▪there be的疑问式
(1)一般疑问句。将there be结构变成一般疑问句时，需把be动词移到句首，再在
句末加上问号即可。
• Is there anything new in today’s newspaper? 今天的报纸上有什么新闻吗?
• Is there an airport bus to the city? 是否有机场巴士到市区?
(2)特殊疑问句。There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式:
①对主语提问：当主语是人时，用“Who’s+介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用
“What’s+介词短语?”。无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用
be的单数形式(回答时要根据实际情况来确定)。
• There are some cars over there.那儿有些小汽车。
→What’s over there?那儿有什么?
• There is a little girl in the room.房间里有个小女孩。
→ Who is in the room?谁在房间里?
②对地点状语提问：用“Where is/are+主语?”表示，注意其答语变化。
• There is a computer in our office.我们办公室有台电脑。
→Where is the computer?
It’s in our office.
电脑在哪里?在我们办公室里。
• There are five children in the classroom.教室里有五个孩子。
→Where are the five children?五个孩子在哪里?
They’re in the classroom.他们在教室里。
③对数量提问一般有两种方式:
1.如果主语是可数名词,无论是单数还是复数,都用“How many+可数名词复数+
are there+介词短语?”表示。
• There are twelve months in year.一年有十二个月。
→ How many months are there in year?一年有多少个月?
• There is only one book in my bag.我包里只有一本书。
→How many books are there in your bag?你包里有多少本书?
• There is a bird in the tree.树上有只鸟。
→How many birds are there in the tree?树上有多少只鸟?
2.如果主语是不可数名词，则用“How much+不可数名词+ is there+介词短语?”
• There is some money in my purse.我钱包里有些钱。
→How much money is there in your purse? 你钱包里有多少钱?
3.反意疑问句：There be或There加其他动词，其反意疑问句一律用…there?
• There is a beautiful butterfly in the garden, isn’t there?
花园里有只美丽的蝴蝶，不是吗?
• There used to be no hospital here, used/did there?
以前这里没有医院，是吗?
第五十六单元