【故事复现】退休的老板和修理工
• Step 1: Listen and answer the question.
第一步：听Freya慢速朗读的故事，回答下列问题。
Question: What was Frank’s first job?
问题：弗兰克的第一份工作是什么？
• 词汇准备
• retire 退休
• company 公司
• bicycle 自行车
• save 存钱
• workshop 车间
• helper 帮手，助手
• employ 雇佣
• grandson 孙子
• Step 2: Intensive reading.
第二步：故事精读。
Yesterday afternoon Frank was telling me about his experiences as a young man.
昨天下午弗兰克向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。
Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a
boy he used to work in a small shop.
在退休前，弗兰克是一家非常大的商业公司的老板，但他小时候却在一家小
铺里做工人。
It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day.
他那时的工作是修理自行车，并且通常是一天工作 14 个小时。
He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own. In his
twenties Frank used to make spare parts for airplanes.
他靠多年积蓄，于1958年买下了自己的一个小铺子。20多岁的时候，弗兰克曾
生产飞机零配件。
At that time he had two helpers. In a few years the small workshop had become a
large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people.
那时他有两个帮手。几年之后，小铺子已经发展成了一个雇有728人的大工厂。
Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success.
弗兰克回想着他早年的艰难经历和走过的漫长的成功之路，微笑了。
He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him to
repair their grandson’s bicycle!
他正笑着的时候门开了，他的妻子走了进来。她叫他去修理孙子的自行车。
• Step 3: Listen again and answer the questions.
第三步：再听一遍，回答下列问题。
1 What was Frank telling the writer about?
2 Where did Frank use to work as a boy?
3 What did he use to do there?
4 When did he buy his own shop? What did he make in his twenties?(and)
5 Did he employ a lot of people in a few years or not?
6 Who came into the room after a while?
7. What did she want him to repair?
Answer: Frank was telling the writer about his experiences as a young man.
Frank used to work in a small shop as a boy. He used to repair bicycles there.
He bought his own shop in 1958 and he made spare parts for airplanes in his
twenties. He employed a lot of people in a few years. His wife came into the
room after a while. She wanted him to repair their grandson’s bicycle.
• Exercise: Sentence structure and vocabulary.
课外练习：句型及词汇训练。
1 When he was young man, Frank _______.
(a) owned a small shop
(b)made spare parts for airplanes
(c)made spare parts for bicycles
(d) worked hard and saved his money
2 Frank has been very successful______.
(a)and he still repairs bicycles for a living
(b)but he might occasionally repair a bicycle
(c)and he would never repair a bicycle now
(d) and he is only interested in airplanes
3 Frank used to work in a small shop. He _________.
(a)doesn't anymore
(b)still does
(c)is now
(d) has never done anything else
4 He used to work fourteen hours a day. He did this ________day.
(a)one
(b)some
(c)each
(d)a
5 He had a shop of his own. It was ______ shop.
(a)his own
(b)his's
(c)his own
(d) his'
6 In his twenties, 728 people ________in the shop.
(a)were employed
(b)employed
(c) are employed
(d)employ
7 _______ this bicycle? Their grandson's.
(a) Who's is
(b)Whoses
(c)Who's
(d) Whose is
8 Frank is the _______of a business company.
(a) director
(b) headmaster
(c) superior
(d) leader
9 He saved money, so he had to________.
(a)spare it
(b)economize
(c)keep it
(d) rescue it
10 Spare parts for airplanes are made in Frank's_______.
(a) industry
(b) fabric
(c)factory
(d) workhouse
11 He employed over seven hundred people._______.
(a)They worked for him
(b)He worked for them
(c)They employed him
(d) They were in charge
12 He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife_______.
(a)went in
(b)entered in
(c)entered
(d)entered into
Key: 1d 2b 3a 4c 5a 6a 7d 8a 9b 10c 11a 12c
第二十八单元【语法点拨】
非谓语动词的分类和用法
▶ 在句子中不能单独作谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制，能担任其他语法
成分的动词叫做非谓语动词( the Non-finite Verb)，也叫非限定动词。非谓语
动词有三种形式：动词不定式( the Infinitive)、动名词( the Gerund)和分词
(the Participle),分词又有现在分词(the Present Participle)和过去分词(the Past
Participle)之分。
▶ 非谓语动词的特征
▪ 非谓语动词如果是及物动词可以有宾语
• He is considering buying a computer.他在考虑买一台电脑。
▪ 可以被状语修饰
• She is used to getting up early and going to bed early.
她有早起早睡的习惯。
▪ 非谓语动词的否定式的构成是将否定词not置于其前
• The old man took care not to show his excitement.
老人很小心没有流露出自己的兴奋情绪。
▪ 非谓语动词的逻辑主语( the Logical Subject)有时是句子的主语，有时是
根据上下文推理出来的。这种逻辑主语不是非谓语动词短语的组成部分,
但可以以某种形式表现出来。
▪ 非谓语动词具有名词、形容词和副词的性质，因此在句子中可以充当主
语、表语、动词宾语、介词宾语、定语、状语、补语、同位语和独立成
分等作用。
▪ 非谓语动词有时态和语态的特征，但这种时态只是一种相对的时态，不
是独立的时态，因此不能单独使用。
▶ 非谓语动词的句法功能
➢ 动词不定式（上）
▪ 动词不定式分为带to的不定式(the to-Infinitive)和不带to的不定式。动词
不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动
词不定式仍保留某些动词的特点，即可以有自己的表语、宾语和状语。
动词不定式同它的表语、宾语或状语构成不定式短语。动词不定式具有
名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、
宾语补足语、定语、状语和独立成分等。
动词不定式的语法功能
▪ 作主语。动词不定式作主语有三种形式：
(1) 不定式作主语通常位于句首
• To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
• To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness one can seek.
爱与被爱是一个人所能寻求的最大幸福。
(2) 将引导词it置于句首作形式主语,而把真正的主语动词不定式(短语)放
在后面
• It is better to die on one’s feet than to live on one’s knees.
宁愿站着死,不愿跪着生。
• It’s easy to get lost in a big city like New York.
在纽约这样的大城市容易迷路。
• It is interesting to play with snow in winter.
冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。
it作形式主语时，有3点值得注意：
1 用形容词作它的表语，真正主语动词不定式通常有逻辑主语，一般
用for短语来表示，即 for sb. to do sth. ,其中sb.就是to do的逻辑主
语。
• It is the most important for us to protect the environment.保护环境
对我们来说是极其重要的。
2 当表语形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，不可用for，
而用of(sb. to do sth.)。
• It’s very kind of you to come to see me.
= You are very kind to come to see me.你来看我真是太好了。
3 it作形式主语时,还常用于“It takes(will take)sb. some time(money)to
do sth.”句型中。例如:
• It takes two men to do this.做这项工作需要两个人。
• It takes a lot of money to buy a house.买一所房子要花很多钱。
(3)“疑问词how, what, when, where, which等+动词不定式”构成不定式短语作主
语
• When and where to hold the meeting has not yet been decided.
何时何地召开这次会议尚未决定。
• What to read is an important question.读些什么是一个很重要的问题。
中级阶段第二十九单元