第十五单元第一课【故事复现】醉翁之意不在酒 （上）
• Step 1: Listen and answer the question.
第一步：听Freya慢速朗读的故事，回答下列问题。
Question: Why is fishing the writer’s favorite sport?
问题：为什么钓鱼是作者最爱的运动？
• 词汇准备
• catch 抓到
• fisherman 钓鱼人，渔民
• boot 靴子
• waste 浪费
• realize 意识到
• Step 2: Intensive reading.
第二步：故事精读。
Fishing is my favorite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this
does not worry me.
钓鱼是我最喜爱的一项运动。我经常一钓数小时却一无所获，但我从不为此烦
恼。
Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and
rubbish.
有些垂钓者就是不走运，他们往往鱼钓不到，却钓上来些旧靴子和垃圾。
I am even less lucky. I never catch anything — not even old boots.
我的运气甚至还不及他们。我什么东西也未钓到过，就连旧靴子也没有。
After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag.
我总是在河上呆上整整一上午，然后空着袋子回家。
“You must give up fishing!” my friends say. “It’s a waste of time.” But they don’t
realize one important thing.
“你可别再钓鱼了!”我的朋友们说，“这是浪费时间。”然而他们没有认识到重要
的一点。
I’m not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing
nothing at all!
我并不是真的对钓鱼有兴趣，我感兴趣的只是独坐孤舟，无所事事!
第十五单元第二课【故事复现】醉翁之意不在酒 （下）
• Step 3: Listen again and answer the questions.
第三步：再听一遍，回答下列问题。
1 What is the writer’s favorite sport?
2 What do some unlucky fishermen catch?
3 Is the writer as lucky as they are, or is he not so lucky?
4 Does he ever catch anything?
5 Is he really interested in fishing?
6 What is the only thing that interests him?
Answer: Fishing is the writer’s favorite sport. Some unlucky fishermen catch
old boots and rubbish. The writer is not so lucky. He never catches anything.
He is not really interested in fishing. Sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all
is the only thing that interests him.
• Exercise: Sentence structure and vocabulary.
课外练习：句型及词汇训练。
1.The writer ______.
(a)always catches something
(b) never catches anything
(c)sometimes pulls up old boots and rubbish
(d) never goes home with an empty bag
2.The writer enjoys ______.
(a)catching fish
(b)fishing
(c) doing nothing
(d) swimming in the river
3.______is your favourite sport? Fishing.
(a)Who
(b)Which
(c)Whom
(d) Whose
4.He doesn't catch anything. He never catches ______.
(a)nothing
(b)anything
(c)something
(d) everything
5.I am even less lucky. I am _____lucky.
(a)more
(b)as
(c) not so
(d) so
6.His bag is empty. He has________.
(a)a empty bag
(b)an empty bag
(c)empty bag
(d) one empty bag
7.I am only interested in doing nothing. That’s ______I’m interested in.
(a)only
(b)the one
(c)all
(d) the only
8.Fishing is my favorite sport. It is _______.
(a)the one I like best
(b)prefer
(c)my best
(d) the best
9.A fisherman usually _______ fish.
(a)buys
(b)sells
(c)tries to catch
(d) keeps
10.He never ______ any fish.
(a)holds
(b) takes hold of
(c)catches
(d)takes
11.He always goes _____ with an empty bag.
(a)to home
(b) to house
(c)to the house
(d) home
12.You must give up fishing. You must
(a)stop
(b) begin
(c) surrender
(d)end
Key: 1b 2c 3b 4b 5c 6b 7c 8a 9c 10c 11d 12a
第十五单元 第三课 【语法点拨】动名词的形式和功能
动名词由动词原形加-ing构成，与现在分词同形。动名词具有名词的性质，又
具有动词的某些性质，因此可以带自己的宾语、表语或状语等，在句中作主
语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补语、同位语等。动名词有一般时和完成时，有
主动式和被动式，其否定式是在-ing前面加否定词not。
▶ 功能
▪ 作主语
动名词作主语有以下几种类型。
(1)动名词(短语)作主语通常位于句首。
• Swimming is a good sport in summer.游泳在夏天一项很好的运动。
• Riding bike can make a man smart.骑自行车能使一个人变得敏捷。
(2)用it作形式主语，把动名词(实际主语)置于句尾作后置主语。常见于“It is
no good/no use/useless/fun/hard work/worthwhile/dangerous, etc.”的句型中。
• It is no use learning without thinking.学而不思则罔。
• It is useless talking all the time.整天空谈没有用处。
(3)用于“There be no doing”结构中。
• There is no saying when he’ll come.很难说他何时回来。
• There is no denying the fact.不能否认这个事实。
(4)用于布告形式的省略结构中。
• No smoking.禁止吸烟!
• No parking.禁止停车!
(5)当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词所有格或物
主代词，构成动名词复合结构，可以在句中作主语。
• Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
他们能来帮忙对我们是巨大的鼓舞。
▪ 作宾语
动名词作介词和某些及物动词宾语，尤其要注意以下几点。
(1)有些动词只能用动名词作宾语，这些动词常见的有:
abandon(放弃)，acknowledge (承认)，admit(to)(承认)，advise，anticipate(预期,
期待)，appreciate(感激;欣赏)，avoid, confess(to)(承认), consider，delay(耽搁)，
deny(否认)，discuss，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，face，facilitate(使容
易)，fancy(想象)，favor，finish，forbid(禁止)，forgive(原谅,宽恕)，can 't
help(不禁,情不自禁)，imagine, involve(包括)，mind，miss，pardon，permit(允
许)，postpone(推迟)，practice，prevent，quit(放弃;停止)，recall，recollect(回
忆，回想)，recommend，report，resent(怨恨)，resist，resume(重新开始)，
risk，suggest，tolerate(容忍)，understand等。
• Most students enjoy asking questions in English.
多数学生都喜欢用英语提问。
• He studies so hard to avoid finishing at the bottom of the class.
为了不让自己在全班垫底，他刻苦学习。
(2)在上述动词中，forgive，pardon，tolerate，understand等表示“忍受、理
解、原谅”意义的动词后面必须跟动名词的复合结构。
• Please forgive my interrupting.请原谅我打断你的话。
• I will not tolerate your doing that.我不能允许你做那件事。
(3)注意两个近义结构:can’t help doing sth.，can’t help but do sth.。前者作“情
不自禁”解，必须跟动名词，后者作“不得不，不能不，不免”解必须接不带
to的不定式。
• Whenever I hear the story, I cannot help crying.
每次我听这故事，就忍不住要哭。
• We cannot help but admire his courage.
我们不得不钦佩他的勇气。
(4)在某些含有介词的短语动词中，如look forward to，be/get used to，be
accustomed to(习惯于)等，接动名词作宾语。
• I am looking forward to seeing you next week.我期待下周见到你。
• You must get used to getting up early.你必须习惯早起。
(5) worth后只能跟动名词的主动语态，表示被动意义。
• The idea is worth considering.这个想法值得考虑。
(6)动名词前的介词有时可以省略，如：have difficulty (in) doing，have no
trouble (in) doing，lose no time (in) doing，prevent/stop... (from) doing，there
is no use (in) doing，to spend time (in) doing等。
• I am getting on in years and have difficulty getting about.
我已步入垂老之年，行动多有不便。
• They spend most of their time playing poker.
他们大多数时间都在打牌。
▪ 作定语
动名词作定语是表示它修饰的名词的用途、性质及场合，它和所修饰的名
词在逻辑上没有主谓关系；现在分词作定语时，表示它所修饰的名词的动作
或行为和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系(可以扩展为定语从句)。
• sleeping car= car used for sleeping 一节卧铺车（sleeping此处为动名词，表
示用途，a car和sleeping之间不存在逻辑上的主谓关系）
• a sleeping child =a child who is sleeping一个睡着的孩子(sleeping此处为现
在分词, child和sleeping之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系)
▪ 作表语
(1)动名词作表语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验，或说明主语的内容。
• Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
• His job is teaching English.他的工作是教英语。
(2)作表语的动名词与主语指的是同一件事，这时系动词意为“是”，通常主
语和表语的位置可以互换，但语法和意思不变。
• My hobby is collecting stamps.我的爱好是集邮。
→Collecting stamps is my hobby.集邮是我的爱好。
▪ 作宾语补语
• We call the process desalting.我们把这个过程成为脱盐(作用)。
▪ 作同位语
• My habit, doing some reading at night, remains unchanged.
我养成的在晚上读点书的习惯仍然没有改变。
• I have to give up my only pastime — swimming.
我必须放弃我唯一的消遣——游泳。