第四十八单元
【对话场景】第一次火车之旅
Last week, my four-year-old daughter, Sally, was invited to a children’s party.
上周，我 4 岁的女儿萨莉被邀请去参加一个儿童聚会。
I decided to take her by train.
我决定带她乘火车去。
Sally was very excited because she had never travelled on a train before.
萨莉非常激动，因为她从未乘过火车。
She sat near the window and asked questions about everything she saw.
她靠车窗坐着，对她所看到的一切都要问个明白。
Suddenly, a middle-aged lady got on the train and sat opposite Sally.
突然，一个中年女士上了火车，坐在萨莉的对面。
“Hi, little girl,” she said. Sally did not answer, but looked at her curiously.
“你好，小姑娘。”她说。萨莉没回答，却好奇地看着她。
The lady was dressed in a blue coat and a large, funny hat.
那位女士穿着一件蓝色的大衣，戴着一顶大而滑稽的帽子。
After the train had left the station, the lady opened her handbag and
火车开出站后，那位女士打开了手提包，
took out her powder compact.
拿出了粉盒。
She then began to make up her face.
然后她开始打扮起来。
“Why are you doing that?” Sally asked.
“你为什么要那样做呢”萨莉问。
“To make myself beautiful,” the lady answered.
“为了把自己打扮漂亮啊。”那位女士答道。
She put away her compact and smiled kindly.
她放好了粉盒，友好地微笑着。
“But you are still ugly,” Sally said.
“可是你仍然难看呀。”萨利说。
Sally was amused, but I was very embarrassed!
萨莉感到很有趣，而我却很尴尬！
• get on 的用法
◦ get on 是一个初级阶段常用的词组，有非常丰富的含义。
▪ 上车、上飞机、上船等
▫ They got on the plane in Beijing.他们在北京上了飞机。
▫ I will hold your horse when you get on.你上马时我来牵住它。
▫ Hurry up! We must get on board now!快点！我们必须要上船了！
▪ 同······和睦相处
▫ They just can't get on after all these years.这么多年来，他们就是
处不好。
▫ She is a nice girl and we get on well.她是一个好姑娘，我们相处得
很愉快。
▪ 继续做，开始做
▫ Jane got on with her work.简开始做她的工作。
▫ Let's get on!让我们开始吧！
▪ 取得进展，有起色
▫ Lily is getting on very well in English. She is a quick-learner.
莉莉的英语很有起色，她学得很快。
▪ 上年纪，变老
▫ I am nearly 35 and that's getting on for a professional sports
player.
我快 35 岁了，对一个职业运动员来说也算是高龄了。
• curious 的用法
◦ curious 的意思是“好奇的、好求知的，奇妙的、稀奇的”，可用作定语或表
语。
▪ 作定语，表示“有好奇心的、奇怪的、犀利的”
▫ He is a curious student.他是位有好奇心的学生。
▫ She was awakened by a curious noise.她被一种很奇怪的声音吵醒
了。
▫ You had better hide it where his curious eyes can't see.你最好把
它藏到他那双犀利的眼睛看不到的地方。
▪ 作表语，意思是“奇妙的、古怪的、好奇的”
▫ She looks rather curious with grey hair.
她的头发是灰色的，样子看上去有点古怪。
▫ The butterfly's eye is rather curious.
蝴蝶的眼睛很奇妙。
▪ curious 可以和介词 about 连用或接不定式，表示“对······好奇”或“很
想做某事”
▫ He was curious about everything he saw.他对所看到的一切东西都
很好奇。
▫ I am curious about his story. 我对他的故事充满了好奇。
▫ I am curious to know how the clock works.我非常想知道这个时钟
的工作原理。
▫ We were curious to know where she had gone.我们想知道她到底
去哪里了。
▪ curious 可以接从句，表示“奇怪的、不寻常的”
▫ It is curious that he didn't tell you.
他没有告诉你，真是奇怪。
▫ It is curious that he left without saying good-bye.
他竟然不辞而别了，真奇怪。
• amuse 的用法
◦ amuse 的基本意思是“逗乐”,可指使人觉得有趣,也可指逗得人捧腹大笑。
amuse 也可指以轻松或逗人的事物来消遣时间。amuse 强调娱乐时的专心致
志,通常没有什么特殊的目的。amuse 是及物动词,主语可以是人、物、事物,
宾语则总是人。表示“逗乐”时接 with; 表示“通过做某事而逗乐”时可接
by; 用于被动结构时可接 at,表示“感到好笑”。
◦ 逗乐、逗笑
▪ He could amuse us for hours with his stories.
他能接连几小时地为我们讲故事逗我们发笑.
▪ Only lively lectures can amuse and impress students.
只有活泼生动的讲课才能把学生逗乐并给他们留下印象。
◦ 娱乐、消遣
▪ I amuse myself by reading on weekends.我周末读书消遣。
▪ It's hard for them to find a good way to amuse themselves.
对他们来说，想要找到一个合适的娱乐方式太难了。
◦ 近义词辨析
▪ amuse 指使人通过关注某些有趣或悦人的事物而消遣，着重使人愉快的
效果
▪ entertain 指通过给他人快乐感的消遣活动，使自己或他人从单调中解脱
出来
▪ interest 指出于任何原因使人兴奋或对某事物保持好奇心或注意力，侧
重引起兴趣或注意
▪ please 多指愿望、兴趣得到满足后产生的强烈满意情绪。
第二课
【语法点拨】初识被动语态
语态是动词的一种形式，用来表示主语和谓语的关系。英语有两种语态——主动语态
和被动语态。在主动语态中，主语是动作的执行者；在被动语态中，主语是动作的承
受者。主动语态变为被动语态时，谓语部分要做相应的变化。
• 主动语态转被动语态
◦ The slaves built the Great Pyramids a long time ago.
奴隶们在很久以前修建了大金字塔。
◦ The Great Pyramids were built (by the slaves) a long time ago.
大金字塔在很久以前被（奴隶们）修建。
◦ Mr. Wang delivered this speech.
王先生做了演讲。
◦ This speech was delivered by Mr. Wang.
这个演讲是王先生做的。
• 被动语态的形式
◦ 被动语态的一般形式是“助动词 be+过去分词”。人称、数量、时态的变化
都体现在 be 上。主动语态与被动语态的谓语对比见下表。
时态和语态 主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 动词原形或第三人称单数 am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时 动词过去式 was/were+过去分词
一般将来时 will/shall+动词原形 will/shall be+过去分词
现在进行时 am/is/are+现在分词 am/is/are being+过去分词
过去进行时 was/were+现在分词 was/were being+过去分词
现在完成时 have/has+过去分词 have/has been+过去分词
• 被动语态的使用场合
◦ 动作执行者不明显、不重要或不愿说出时
▪ The toys are designed for children aged six and up.
这些玩具是为 6 岁及以上的儿童设计的。
▪ Nobody is allowed to enter the stadium without a ticket.
没有票任何人都不允许进入体育馆。
▪ Construction of the bridge was completed in 2007.
这座桥于 2007 年建成。
◦ 突出或强调动作的承受者时
▪ A bit of important information was stolen.
一些重要的资料被盗了。
▪ A new village for the athletes will be built to the east of London.
一个为运动员建的新村将在伦敦的东面落成。
▪ With hard working, all the difficulties will be overcome.
只要努力奋斗，所有的困难都能被克服。
▪ This matter was often talked about.
这件事被多次谈到。
• 特殊的被动语态固定句式
◦ It is said that... 据说······
◦ It is believed that... 大家相信······
◦ It has been decided that... 经决定······
◦ It is reported that... 据报道
第三课
【单词串烧】
• excited [ik'saitid] a.兴奋的
• get on 登上
• middle-aged ['midl'eidʒid] a.中年的
• opposite ['ɔpəzit] prep.在······对面
• curiously ['kjuəriəsli] ad.好奇地
• powder ['paudə] n.散粉
• compact ['kɔmpækt] n.带镜的化妆盒
• kindly ['kaindli] ad.和蔼地
• ugly ['ʌgli] a.丑陋的
• amused [ə'mju:zd] a.有趣的，逗乐了
• smile [smail] v.微笑
• embarrassed [im'bærəst] a.尴尬的，窘迫的
• shoulder [ˈʃəʊldə(r)] n.肩膀
• singer [ˈsɪŋə(r)] n.歌手
• scientist [ˈsaɪəntɪst] n.科学家
• sandwich [ˈsænwɪtʃ] n.三明治