第三十九单元
第一课
【对话场景】超速行驶险被罚！
——Look, Harry! That policeman's waving to you.
看！哈里，那位警察正在朝你挥手。
He wants you to stop.
他在示意你停下来。
——Where do you think you are? On a race track?
你认为你自己在哪开车？赛车道吗？
You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour.
你的车速刚刚已经达到每小时 70 英里了。
——I can't have been.
不可能。
——I was doing eighty when I overtook you.
刚刚为了追上你我都开 80 英里了。
Didn't you see the speed limit?
你没看到限速牌吗？
——I'm afraid I didn't, officer. I must have been dreaming.
恐怕我确实没看到，警察先生。我刚刚一定是在做梦。
——He wasn't dreaming, officer. I was telling him to drive slowly.
他没有在做梦，警察先生。我刚还在告诉他开慢点。
——That's why I didn't see the sign.
那就是为什么我没看到限速的标志。
——Let me see your driving license and your insurance certificate.
请出示一下你的驾驶证和保险证件。
——I won't charge you this time. But you'd better not do it again!
这次我就不让你交罚款了，但是你最好不要有下次！
——Thank you. I'll certainly be more careful.
谢谢你！我一定会更小心的！
——I told you to drive slowly, Harry.
哈里，我告诉过你，开慢一点。
——You always tell me to drive slowly, darling.
亲爱的，你永远都跟我说开慢一点。
——Well, next time you'd better take my advice!
那下次你最好是听取我的建议！
• overtake 的用法
◦ 动词，过去式为 overtook,过去分词为 overtaken,现在分词为 overtaking
◦ overtake 的用法介绍
▪ 不及物动词：超车，超过
▫ It's dangerous to overtake on a bend.
在转弯处超车是很危险的。
▪ 及物动词：赶上，追上（汽车）
▫ It takes me five minutes to overtake the bus.
我花了五分钟才追上了公交车。
▪ 及物动词：突发于······，出乎意料地降临
▫ Night overtook him.
夜幕骤然降临。
• charge 的用法
◦ charge 有动词和名词两种词性，作动词时意为“装载、填充、命令、收费、
控告”等，作名词时常意为“负责、管理、指责、控告、索取费用”等
▪ charge 作动词
▫ 充电
◦ He forgot to charge his phone.
他忘了给手机充电。
▫ 命令、负责
◦ She was charged with an important mission.
她被委以重任。
▫ 要价、收费
◦ How much do you charge for each one?
你们每一个收费多少？
▪ charge 作名词
▫ 负责、管理
◦ She is in charge of the whole department.
她负责整个部门的业务。
◦ The whole department is in the charge of Amy.
整个部门由 Amy 负责管理。
• advice 的用法
◦ advice 作名词有“劝告、建议”等意思，通常为不可数名词
◦ advice 通常指有业务专长的人对某一行动提出带指点或指教性的建议或劝告
▪ 作“劝告、建议”时不可数，可用 a piece of advice
▫ I'd like to give you a piece of advice.
我想给你提一个小建议。
▪ 作“消息、报道和通知单”时可数，通常用复数形式
▫ I didn't receive the advices. 我没有收到通知。
▪ 采纳某人的建议用 take
▫ Please don't take his advice because he is a fake expert.
他是一个假冒的专家，一定不要听他的建议！
第二课
【语法点拨】现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时主要用于强调动作还未结束，还要继续下去或强调动作延续时间的长
久，带有一定的感情色彩。
• 强调动作还未结束，还要继续下去
◦ 这时候要用现在完成进行时，不能用现在完成时，以避免使人认为动作已经
全部完成
▪ I've been writing the letter for two hours, but I haven't finished it
yet.
这封信我写了两个小时了，还要继续写下去。
▪ The artist has been painting the picture for three days.
艺术家画这幅画已经三天了，但还没结束。
▫ 比较：
◦ The artist has painted the picture for three days.
艺术家的这幅画画了三天。
▪ The boy has been missing for two weeks now.
那个男孩已经失踪两个星期了。
• 强调动作延续时间的长久或带有感情色彩
◦ 有些动词如 live, learn, play, rain, snow, stand 等用现在完成时并不表示动
作已经完成，所以它们既可以用于现在完成时又可以用于现在完成进行时。
如果想要强调动作延续时间的长久或带有感情色彩时，用现在完成进行时更
好一些。
▪ I am glad the lecture is finished! I've been sitting here for three
hours.
很高兴讲座终于结束了！我已经整整坐了三个小时了。
▪ John has always been working hard.
约翰工作总是非常努力。
▪ Recently Amy has been doing her work regularly.
最近，艾米总是有规律地完成她的工作。
• 表示在现在之前的阶段反复发生的事
◦ He has been promising me to help you. Hasn't he done it?
他一直答应我要帮助你，难道他没有帮你吗？
◦ I have always been thinking of her but I can't see her.
虽然我一直想着她，但是我不能见到她。
• 不能用于现在完成进行时的动词
表示状态的动词 be, have, exist, belong, own 等
表示感情的动词 like, love, hate, detest 等
表示感觉的动词 see, hear, feel, sound 等
其他动词 believe, doubt, want, wish, agree,
include, order, know 等
◦ He has had a terrible headache for the last few days.(正确)
◦ He has been having a terrible headache for the last few days.(错误)
他最近几天头疼得厉害。
第三课
【单词串烧】
• wave [weiv] v.招手
• track [træk] n.跑道
• mile [mail] n.英里
• overtake [ˌəuvə'teik] v.从后面超越，超车
• speed [spi:d] n.速度
• dream [dri:m] v.做梦，思想不集中
• sign [sain] n.标记，牌子
• driving licence ['draiviŋ 'laisəns] 驾驶执照
• charge [tʃɑ:dʒ] v.罚款
• darling ['dɑ:liŋ] n.亲爱的
• water ['wɔ:tə] v.浇水
• terribly ['terəbli] ad.非常
• dry [drai] a.干燥的，干的
• nuisance ['nju:səns] n.讨厌的东西或人
• mean [mi:n] v.意味着，意思是
• surprise [sə'praiz] n.惊奇，意外的事