【故事复现】吃饱了才能减肥
• Step 1: Listen and answer the question.
第一步：听Freya慢速朗读的故事，回答下列问题。
Question: Why did Hugh’s diet not work?
问题：为什么休的节食没效果？
• 词汇准备
• reward 奖励
• virtue 美德
• diet 节食
• forbid 禁止
• hurriedly 匆忙地
• embarrass 使尴尬
• guiltily 内疚地
• strict 严格的
• reward 给……奖赏
• occasionally 偶尔地
• Step 2: Intensive reading.
第二步：故事精读。
My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided
to go on a diet.
我的朋友休一直很胖，但是近来情况变得越发糟糕，以致他决定节食。
He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods
which were forbidden.
他是一星期前开始节食的。首先，他开列了一张长长的单子，上面列了所有禁
吃的食物。
The list included most of the things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk,
chocolate, and sweets.
这张单子上的大多数食物都是休喜欢吃的：黄油、土豆、米饭、啤酒、牛奶、
巧克力和糖果。
Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh
was still as fat as ever.
昨天我去看望了他。我按响了门铃，当看到休仍和往常一样胖时，我并不感到
惊奇。
He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was
obvious that he was very embarrassed.
他把我领进屋，慌忙把一个大包藏到了桌子下面。显然他感到很尴尬。
When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on
the desk.
当我问他正干什么时，他内疚地笑了，然后把那个大包拿到了桌上。
He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally.
他解释说，他的饮食控制得太严格了，以致不得不偶尔奖赏自己一下。
Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of
chocolate and three bags of sweets!
接着他给我看了包里的东西。里面装了5大块巧克力和3袋糖果!
• Step 3: Listen again and answer the questions.
第三步：再听一遍，回答下列问题。
1 Is Hugh fat or not? Has he gone on a diet or not?
2 Has he forbidden himself all the foods he likes, or has he forbidden himself all the
foods he does not like? Has he lost weight or not?
3 What did he hide under his desk when the writer visited him yesterday?
4 Did the parcel contain chocolate and sweets, or did it contain biscuits?
5 Why did Hugh say that he had to reward himself occasionally?
Answer: Hugh is so fat that he has gone on a diet. He has forbidden himself all
the foods he likes but he has not lost weight. When the writer visited him
yesterday, he hid a large parcel under his desk. The parcel contained
chocolates and sweets. Hugh said that he had to reward himself occasionally
because his diet was so strict.
Exercise: Sentence structure and vocabulary.
课外练习：句型及词汇训练。
1 The writer's friend, Hugh, decided to go on a diet _________.
(a) and he lost a little weight
(b) but he didn't lose any weight at all
(c)but he didn't lose much weight
(d) and he lost a lot of weight
2 Hugh _______ .
(a) has avoided eating chocolate and sweets
(b) has kept to strict diet 22ow
(c)hasn't kept to a strict diet
(d) has been very strict with himself
3 My friend, Hugh, has always been fat. He still _______ fat.
(a)was
(b)has
(c) has been
(d) is
4 How long ago _______ his diet?
(a)will he begin
(b) has he begun
(c) was he beginning
(d) did he begin
5 Most of the things he loves were included ________the list.
(a)into
(b)on
(c)with
(d) in
6 Where did he ________ the parcel?
(a)hide
(b)hidden
(c)hid
(d)hiding
7 He smiled guiltily. He felt ________.
(a)guilt
(b) guiltily
(c)guiltless
(d) guilty
8 The foods were forbidden. He wasn't _______ to eat them.
(a)left
(b)let
(c)allowed
(d) aloud
9 I paid him a visit. I ________ .
(a)visited him
(b)made him visit
(c)did him visit
(d) paid for a visit
10 He led me into his room. He ________me into his room.
(a)steered
(b)pulled
(c)drove
(d)showed
11 He was very embarrassed. He felt _______.
(a)shy
(b)shameful
(c)hot
(d) uncomfortable
12 He had to reward himself occasionally. He had to reward himself ________.
(a)again and again
(b)now and again
(c)once again
(d)over and over again
Key: 1b 2c 3b 4b 5c 6b 7c 8a 9c 10c 11d 12a
第四十单元【语法点拨】
主语从句（下）
▪ 如果主语从句的句子是疑问式，则必须用it作形式主语的结构
• How did it come about that he was dismissed? 他是怎么被开除的?
• Why was it that you were late for the job again this morning?
你为什么今天早晨上班又迟到了?
▪ 由wh-疑问词引导：从句可以前置，也可以借助于形式主语it后置
• Whether she’ll come here isn’t clear.她是否会来这里还不清楚。
• → It isn’t clear whether she’ll come here.
• What he did is not yet known.他干了什么尚不清楚。
• → It is not yet known what he did.
• How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。
• → It is not clear to anyone how this happened.
▪ 由名词性关系词引导的主语从句只能位于句首
• Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。
• Wherever you are is my home-my only home.
你所在的任何地方就是我的家——我唯一的家。
• Whomever you support is likely to be elected.
任何一个你们支持的人都很可能当选。
▪ 从属连词if和whether引导的名词性从句是由一般疑问句或选择问句转化而来
的，因此分别被称为yes-no型疑问句和选择型疑问从句，其功能与wh-从句
相同。
• It is doubtful whether he will come as promised.
他是否按许诺的那样到来值得怀疑。
• Whether it rains or not makes no difference to me.
下不下雨对我来说都一样。
▪ if和whether引导名词性从句的区别：在下列情况下，不能用if，而只能用
whether
(1)if引导的主语从句不能位于句首
误：If there is water on the moon is a matter in dispute.
月球上是否有水是个有争议的问题。
正：Whether there is water on the moon is a matter in dispute.
误：If the football game will be played depends on the weather.
足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。
正: Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.
注：if引导的主语从句只能置于形式主语之后。
• It is uncertain if he will come.他来不来还不一定。
(2)if不能引导表语从句。
误: The question is if we can put the project into operation on schedule.
问题是我们能否按时将该工程投入运行。
正：The question is whether we can put the project into operation on schedule.
(3)if不能引导同位语从句
误:Let’s discuss in detail the question if these materials could stand the test.
让我们详细讨论以下这些材料能否试验合格的问题。
正: Let’s discuss in detail the question whether these materials could stand the
test.
(4)if不能作介词宾语
误: It all depends on if you will participate in the research.
那全得看你是否将参加这项研究。
正: It all depends on whether you will participate in the research.
(5)引导宾语从句且置于句首时，用whether，不可用if
• Whether he has left, I can’t say.他是否走了,我说不定。
(6)引导让步状语从句或与or not连用时，用whether，不可用if
• Whether he agrees or not, I shall do that.不管他同意与否，我都要那样
做。
(7)若不是直接与or not用在一起，则有时也可用if
• I don’t know whether/if he will win or not. 我不知他是否会赢。
第四十一单元