第四十三单元
【对话场景】一场意外又惊喜的雨
—— Can't you come in and have tea now, Peter?
彼得，你不能现在进来喝茶吗？
——Not yet, dear. I must water the garden first.
还不能。我得先给花园浇水。
——Do you have to water it now?
你一定得现在浇吗？
——I'm afraid I must. Look at it! It's terribly dry.
恐怕我得现在浇。你看看，干得厉害。
——What a nuisance!
真讨厌！
——Last summer it was very dry, too. Don't you remember?
去年夏天也是干得很。你不记得了吗？
I had to water it every day.
我不得不每天浇水。
——Well, I'll have tea by myself.
好吧，我一个人喝茶了。
——That was quick! Have you finished already?
好快啊！你已经浇完了？
——Yes, dear. Look out of the window.
是的。你看看窗外。
——Good heaven! It's raining. That means you needn't water the garden.
天啊！下雨了！这就是说，你不必给花园浇水了。
——That was a pleasant surprise. It means I can have tea, instead.
这场雨来得太及时了，是一个意外之喜。这意味着我正好可以喝茶了。
• terribly 的用法
◦ terribly 是形容词 terrible（糟糕的，不好的）的副词形式，意思是“非常
地”，相当于副词 very，但常用于形容某件事不好的语境。这里讲解一下形
容词 terrible 的用法和词义辨析。
▪ terrible 的基本意思有“可怕的、危害极大的、劣质的、极度的”，比较
级和最高级在前面分别加 more 和 most。
▫ The earthquake was a terrible catastrophe.这次地震一场可怕的灾
难。
▫ The evening show was terrible.晚上的演出很糟糕。
▫ That kid is a terrible pain.那个小家伙真让人头痛。
▫ I often have terrible nightmares.我经常做可怕的噩梦。
▫ I had a terrible headache.我头很痛。
▪ 词义辨析
▫ terrible 侧重指给人以长久的惊骇，极端的恐怖，令人难以忍受。
▫ horrible 指因骇人听闻的丑恶而令人毛骨悚然，着重厌恶的成分多于
害怕。
▫ afraid 指由于胆小或怯懦而不敢说或做某事。
▫ terrific 多指外表、形状或力量等的可怕。
▫ awful 指威严得令人害怕或敬畏，有一定的积极的感情色彩。
▫ fearful 既指外界情况变化而引起的恐惧，又指来自内心的害怕与焦
虑。
• by oneself 的用法
◦ oneself 是反身代词，one 可以用各个人称替换，如 myself, yourself,
herself, himself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 等。
▪ by oneself 是一个词组，相当于副词的用法，表示“独自地”“靠自
己”做某事
▫ She used to sit by herself and read.
她从前常常独自坐着看书。
▫ His father lives by himself in the village.
他的父亲独自一人住在村里。
▫ 语义上相当于词组 on one's own，其中的 one's 可以用形容词性物主
代词替换，如 on my own, on your own, on her own 等。
◦ He can finish the work by himself .= He can finish the work
on his own.
他可以自己完成这项工作。
▪ for oneself 意为“为了自己”，同样可以用人称替换 oneself
◦ One should not live only for oneself.人不应单为自己而活。
▪ 其他常见的反身代词搭配
▫ teach oneself 自学
▫ learn by oneself 自学
▫ help oneself 自助（吃）
▫ come to oneself 苏醒
▫ make oneself at home 不要拘束
• instead 的用法
◦ instead 意为“代替”“替代”,作副词用,通常位于句尾.如位于句首时常用逗
号与后面隔开。instead 常意为“代替”，但在表转折（或逆转）时意为
“然而”“反而”。
▪ Lily isn't here.Ask Lucy instead.
Lily 不在这儿,去问 Lucy 吧.[注意]当 instead 在祈使句中时,只能位于句末.
▪ she didn't answer me, instead, she asked me another question.
她没有回答我,反而问了我另外一个问题.
◦ instead of 是介宾短语，其意与 instead 相同，不同之处在于它后面常接宾
语，宾语多由名词、代词、介词、短语、动词 ing 形式充当。
▪ We'll ask Li Mei instead of Mary.
我们将去问李梅而不问玛丽.
▪ I'll go instead of her.
我会替她去.
◦ instead 与 instead of 的转换
▪ He didn't answer me, instead, he asked me another question.
他没有回答我，反而是问了我另一个问题。
▪ → He asked me another question instead of answering me.
▪ She won't go and I'll go instead of her.→She won't go. I'll go
instead.
她不会去的，我代替她去。
第二课
【语法点拨】形式多样的插入语（上）
插入语是指插在句子中的一个词、短语或从句，其作用是用来补充含义，或作一些解
释。插入语通常被逗号、破折号或句子的其他部分隔开，在句中与其他部分没有语法
上的练习，将它删掉之后，句子结构依然完整。
• 形容词或形容词性短语作插入语
常用作插入语的形容词或形容词短语有：true, wonderful, worse still, sure
enough, strange, most important of all, strange to say 等
◦ True, it would be too bad.
真的，太糟糕了。
◦ Wonderful, we have won again.
太好了，我们又赢了。
◦ Worse still, the lion could carry off the baby in its mouth.
更糟糕的是，狮子一口就能夺去这个孩子的生命。
◦ Strange to say, he hasn't got my letter up to now.
说来奇怪，他到现在都还没收到我的信。
• 副词或副词短语作插入语
副词或副词短语作插入语一般位于句首或句尾，也可以放在句中。常用的副词或副
词短语有：indeed, surely, however, frankly, obviously, naturally, fortunately,
strangely, briefly, honestly, though, besides, exactly, still, otherwise, luckily,
instead 等。
◦ Honestly, I don't want to take this project.
老实说，我现在不想接这个项目。
◦ You will pass the exam, surely.
你一定会通过考试的。
◦ When he got there, however, nothing was left.
然而当他赶到那的时候，什么也没有了。
◦ Otherwise, he would still be home.
不然的话，他还会在家的。
• 介词或介词短语作插入语
这类插入语一般放在句首，有时也可以放在句中。常用的介词短语有：in a way, of
course, by the way, on the other hand, in general, in short, in addition, to my
surprise, in fact, in a word, as a result, for example, as a matter of fact, on
the contrary, in my opinion/view, in a sense, in conclusion,above all, to her
regret, in addition, in other words, as a rule 等。
◦ In a way, I think we both won the game.
从某种程度上说，我觉得我们在这场比赛中都获胜了。
◦ Above all, you must follow the guidance.
首先，你要遵从指导。
◦ In my opinion , he is an honest boy.
依我看，他是一个诚实的孩子。
◦ As a result, we suffered great loss.
结果，我们遭受了巨大的损失。
第三课
【单词串烧】
• water [ˈwɔːtə(r)] v.给······浇水，灌溉
• garden [ˈɡɑːdn] n.园圃，花园，果园，菜园
• terribly [ˈterəbli] ad.非常
• dry [draɪ] a.干燥的
• nuisance [ˈnjuːsns] n.令人讨厌的人或事
• quick [kwɪk] a.快的，迅速的
• window [ˈwɪndəʊ] n.窗户
• surprise[səˈpraɪz] n.惊喜
• about[əˈbaʊt] prep.关于
• above [əˈbʌv] prep.在······上面
• accident [ˈæksɪdənt] n.交通事故
• active[ˈæktɪv] a.活跃的
• add[æd] v. 加